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Swiss banks may no longer be safe for those looking to park their ill-gotten wealth. This probably does not concern you, but the safety of your valuables kept in domestic bank lockers should. In a dramatic heist earlier this week, the perpetrators dug a tunnel leading to the locker room of a Punjab National BankBSE 1.39 % branch in Sonepat, prised open 89 lockers, and decamped with the loot.
Bank lockers may not be as secure as you think they are. Besides, if the contents of your locker are stolen, you may not be eligible for compensation. The Reserve Bank of India guidelines say that banks are not responsible for the contents of the lockers they rent, though they are required to take precautions for their protection. Your valuables are also not insured. "A bank does not have the ownership or knowledge of the contents of the locker. Hence, it does not have any insurable interest in the matter," says an Axis BankBSE 0.91 % spokesperson.
According to Section 152 of the Indian Contract Act, a bank is not responsible for any loss or damage to the contents of a locker. "The relationship between the bank and the locker customer is that of a lessor and a lessee," says Narayan Raja, CEO, Banking Codes and Standards Board of India (BCSBI).
However, the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) has rejected the argument that locker customers are only tenants and, hence, banks cannot be held liable for any loss suffered by them. However, as things stand, the law is loaded against the customer.He not only has to prove that the locker was robbed, but also submit evidence to establish the extent of loss .
The silver lining for customers is that if they are able to prove that the loss or damage has occurred due to the negligence by the bank, they can claim compensation. "If the negligence by the bank is proved, or a bank employee is found to be involved (in the theft), it becomes a vicarious liability and the bank is liable to pay compensation," says Mumbai-based advocate V T Gokhale.
However, the compensation may not cover the full loss. Affected customers can also approach consumer courts. In several cases, where negligence on the part of bank has been proved, courts have come to the rescue of customers.
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